Happy cooking information

A. Types of Flour , 面粉类

~麵粉, 中筋麵粉 = plain flour / all-purpose flour

~低筋麵粉, 低根粉 = cake flour / soft flour / weak flour / low protein flour

~高筋麵粉, 筋麵, 根麵, 高根粉 = gluten flour / strong flour / bread flour / baker’s flour / high protein flour

~小麦面粉 = whole meal flour

~全麥麵粉 = whole wheat flour

~澄麵粉, 澄粉, 澄麵= non-glutinous flour / wheat flour / wheat starch

~自發麵粉 = self- raising flour

~粗玉米豆粉 = polenta / yellow cornmeal

~粟粉, 粟米粉, 玉米粉, 玉米澱粉(太白粉?) = corn flour / cornstarch

~生粉 , 太白粉, 地瓜粉= potato starch / potato flour

~樹薯粉, 木薯粉, 茨粉, 菱粉, 泰國生粉, 太白粉, 地瓜粉= Tapioca starch / tapioca flour

~蕃薯粉, 地瓜粉 = sweet potato flour

~臭粉, 胺粉, 阿摩尼亞粉, 嗅粉 = powdered baking ammonia / carbonate of ammonia / ammonia bicarbonate / ammonia carbonate / hartshorn

~發粉, 泡打粉, 泡大粉, 速發粉, 蛋糕發粉 = baking powder

~蘇打粉, 小蘇打, 梳打粉, 小梳打, 食粉, 重曹 = baking soda / bicarb ofsoda

~塔塔粉, 他他粉 = cream of tartar

卡士達粉, 蛋黃粉, 吉士粉, 吉時粉= custard powder

~卡士達, 克林姆, 奶皇餡, 蛋奶餡 = custard / pastry cream

~蛋白粉 = egg white powder

~粘米粉, 黏米粉, 在來米粉, 在萊米粉, ~再來米粉= rice flour

~糕仔粉 = cooked rice flour

~糯米粉 = glutinous rice flour / sweet rice flour

~鳳片粉, 熟糯米粉, 糕粉, 加工糕粉 = fried sweet rice flour / fried glutinous rice flour

~綠豆粉 = mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee

~小麥胚芽, 麥芽粉 = wheat germ

~小麥蛋白, 麵筋粉 = wheat gluten

~酵母, 酒餅= yeast／ibu roti

~麵包糠, 麵包屑= breadcrumbs

~雜糧預拌粉 = multi-grain flour

~抹荼粉 = green tea powder

~馬蹄粉 = water chestnut flour

~葛粉 = arrowroot flour

~杏仁粉 = almond flour／almond meal

B. Types of Sugar, 糖类

~黑蔗糖漿, 糖蜜, 甘蔗糖蜜 = molasses

~金黃糖漿 = golden syrup

~楓糖漿, 楓樹糖漿, 楓糖 = maple syrup

~玉米糖漿 = corn syrup／karo syrup

~葡萄糖漿 = glucose syrup

~麥芽糖漿 = barley maltsyrup／maltsyrup

~麥芽糖 = maltose／malt sugar

~焦糖 = carmael

~果糖 = fructos

~乳糖 = lactose

~轉化糖 = invert sugar

~日式糙米糖漿 = amazake

~綿花糖霜 = marshmallow cream cream

~冰糖 = rock sugar

~椰糖, 爪哇紅糖 = palm sugar／gula malacca

~黃砂糖 = brown sugar

~紅糖, 黑糖 = dark brown sugar

~粗糖, 黑砂糖 = muscovado sugar

~金砂 = demerara sugar

~原蔗糖 = raw sugar／raw cane sugar／unrefined cane sugar

~白砂糖, 砂糖 = white sugar／refined sugar／refined cane sugar／coarse granulated sugar

~細砂糖, 幼砂糖, 幼糖 = castor sugar / caster sugar（适用于做糕点）

~糖份混合物 = icing sugar mixture

~糖粉 = icing sugar／confectioners’ sugar

~糖霜, 點綴霜 = icing／frosting

~蜜葉糖, 甜葉菊 = stevia／honey leaf

~代糖, 阿斯巴甜 = aspartame／sweetener／sugar substitute

~什色糖珠, 巧克力米, 朱古力米 = chocolate vermicelli/rice

~巧克力削, 朱古力削 = chocolate curls

~巧克力珠, 朱古力珠 = choc bits／chocolate chips

~耐烤巧克力豆 = choc bits (澳洲的英文名) / chocolate chips (美國、加拿大的英文名)

C. Essence & Cream , 香精与奶类

~白礬 = alum

~硼砂 =- borax

~石膏 = gypsum

~鹼水, (木見)水, 碳酸钾 = alkaline water／lye water／potassium carbonate

~食用色素 = food colouring

~香草豆, 香草莢, 香草片, 香子蘭莢 = vanilla bean／vanilla pod

~香草精, 雲尼拉香精, 凡尼拉香精 = vanilla extract／vanilla essence

~香草粉 = vanilla powder

~班蘭粉, 香蘭粉 = ground pandan／ground screwpine leaves／serbok daun pandan

~班蘭精, 香蘭精 = pandan paste／pasta pandan

~玫瑰露, 玫瑰露精 = rosewater／rosewater essence essence

~皮屑 = grated zest／grated rind

~牛油, 奶油 = butter

~軟化牛油 = soft butter

~瑪珈琳, 瑪琪琳, 乳瑪琳, 雅瑪琳, 人造奶油, 菜油 = margarine

~起酥油, 起酥瑪琪琳 = pastry margarine / oleo margarine

~豬油, 白油, 大油, 板油 = lard / cooking fat

~酥油, 雪白奶油 shortening

~硬化椰子油 = copha

~椰油 = Creamed Coconut

~烤油 = dripping

~牛油忌廉 = butter cream

~淡忌廉 = light cream／coffee cream／table cream

~鮮奶油, 忌廉, 鮮忌廉 = cream／whipping cream

包括﹕1 light whipping cream

2 heavy whipping cream／heavy cream／thickened cream

3 double cream／pure cream

~酸奶油, 酸忌廉, 酸奶酪, 酸乳酪 = sour cream

~酸奶 = butter milk

~牛奶, 鮮奶, 鮮乳 = milk

~奶粉 = powdered milk / milk powder

~花奶, 淡奶, 奶水, 蒸發奶, 蒸發奶水 = evaporated milk

~煉奶 = condensed milk／sweetened condensed milk

~起士, 起司, 芝士, 乳酪, 奶酪, 乾酪, ~乳餅 = cheese

~起司粉 = powdered cheese

~奶油起司, 芝士忌廉, 奶油乳酪, 凝脂乳酪 = cream cheese

~瑪斯卡波尼起司, 馬司卡膨起司, 馬斯卡波涅起司, 義大利乳酪 = mascarpone cheese

~優格, 乳果, 酸奶, 酸乳酪 = yoghurt

優酪乳 = yoghurt drink／drinking yoghurt

D. Types of Confectionery, 糕点名称

~麵包, 麵飽 = bread

~土司麵包, 吐司 = toast

~法式吐司 = french toast

~裸麥麵包 = rye bread

~派, 批 = pie

~塔, 撻 = tart

~凍派, 凍批 = cream pie

~蛋塔 = egg tart / custard tart

~法式蛋塔 = quiche lorraine

~戚風蛋糕 = chiffon cake

~海綿蛋糕 = sponge cake

~泡芙 = choux pastry / puff

~瑪琳 , 焗蛋泡 = meringue

~蛋蜜乳 = eggnog

~可麗餅 = crepe

~煎餅, 熱餅, 薄烤餅 = pancake

~厚鬆餅 = pikelet / hotcake

~墨西哥麵餅 = tortillas

~曲奇 = cookies

~慕斯, 慕思 = mousse

~布甸, 布丁 = pudding

~司康, 比司吉 = scones

~舒芙蕾 = souffles

~洋芋塊 = hash brown

~英式鬆餅, 瑪芬麵包 = english muffin

~鬆糕, 瑪芬 = american muffin　

~格子鬆餅 = waffle

~手指餅乾 = sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi (義大利名)

~蘇打餅干 = saltine crackers

~威化餅乾 = wafer biscult

E. Dried Fruits & Nuts, 干果/果脯

~腰子豆, 腰果, 腰果仁, 介壽果 = cashew nut

~花生 = peanut

~瓜子, 南瓜子 = pepitas / dried pumpkin seeds

~崧子, 松子仁 = pine nut

~栗子 = chestnut

~干粟子 = dried chestuts

~核桃, 核桃仁, 合桃, 胡桃 = walnut

~杏仁, 杏仁片, 扁桃 = almond

~北杏, 苦杏仁 = apricot kernel / chinese almond / bitter almond

~南杏 = apricot kernel

~榛果, 榛仁= hazelnut / filbert / cobnut

~開心果, 阿月渾子 = pistachio

~堅果, 澳洲堅果, 夏威夷果, 澳洲胡桃, 澳洲栗, 澳洲核桃, 昆士蘭龍眼, 昆士蘭栗 = macadamia / california nut

~山胡桃, 胡桃 = pecan

~石鼓仔, 馬加拉, 油桐子 = candlenut / buah keras

~白果, 銀杏 = ginkgo nut

~罌粟子 = poppy seed

~亞答子 = atap seed

~海苔粉 = ground seaweed

~涼粉, 仙草 = grass jelly

~椰絲, 椰茸, 椰子粉 = desiccated coconut／shredded coconut

~果子凍, 果凍粉, 啫喱= jelly

~魚膠粉, 吉利丁, 明膠 = gelatine sheets／powdered gelatine　

~大菜, 大菜絲, 菜燕, 燕菜精, 洋菜, 洋菜粉, 瓊脂 = agar powder

~乾椰絲 = dessicated coconut

~龍眼乾, 龍眼肉, 桂圓, 圓肉= dried longan

~葡萄乾 = raisin / dried currant

~無花果乾 = dried fig

~柿餅 = dried persimmon

~桃脯 = dried peach

~杏脯 = dried apricot

~蘋果脯, 蘋果乾 = dried apple

~蜜漬櫻桃, 露桃, 車梨子 = glace cherry／candied cherry

~蜜漬鳳梨 = glace pineapple／candied pineapple

~糖水批把 = loquats in syrup

~杏子酱 = apricot jam

~杏桃果膠 = apricot glaze

~水蜜桃罐頭 = peaches in syrup

~切片水蜜桃罐頭 = sliced peaches in syrup

~綜合水果罐頭 = cocktail fruit in syrup　

F. General Ingredients

~味精 = monosodium glutamate

~醋 = vinegar

~白醋(工研醋) = rice vinegar

~白醋 = white vinegar (西洋料理用的)

~烏醋 = black vinggar

~酱油 = soy sauce

~蚝油 = oyster sauce

~麻油 = sesame oil

~白酒 = white spirits

~加饭酒 = rice wine

~桂花酒 = osmanthus-flavored wine

~芝麻酱 = sesame paste

~辣椒醬 = chili sauce

~牛頭牌沙荼醬 = bull head barbecue sauce/Chinese barbecue sauce

~南乳 = fermented red beancurd

~薑粉 = ginger powder

~调味蕃茄醬 = ketchup

~蕃茄醬 = tomato sauce (普通甜的)

~蕃茄醬 = tomato paste (義大利料理用的)

~豆辦醬 = chilli bean sauce

~XO醬 = XO sauce

~豆豉 = salt black bean

~薏米 = pearl barley

~西贾米= sago

~沙莪粒, 西米, 小茨丸 = pearl sago／pearl tapioca

~紅豆沙, 烏豆沙 = red bean paste

~綠豆片 = split mung bean

~芝麻 = sesame Seeds

~蓮子 = lotus seed

~蓮蓉 = lotus paste

~栗蓉 = chestnut puree / chestnut paste

~蜜棗 = preserved red dates

~紅棗 = chinese red dates

~棗泥 = red date paste

~百合 = dried lily bulb

~金针 = tiger lily buds

~陳皮 = dried orange peel／dried tangerine peel

~豆腐 = tofu

~腐竹 = dried beancurd sticks

~腐皮 = beancurd sheet

~酸菜 = pickled mustard-green

~蒸山芋 = steamed sweet potatoes

~咸黄瓜 = salted cucumber

~脱水蒜粒 = dehydrated garlic granules

~冬菇 = dried black mushroom

~木耳 = white fungus

~黑木耳 = black fungus / wood ear fungus / dried black fungus

~海带 = sea vegetable / Sea weed

~燒海苔 = toasted nori seaweed / roasted seaweed sushi nori

~板海苔 = nori seaweed / dried sea laver

~燕菜 = agar-agar

~蝦米 = dried shrimp

~鱼干 = dried fish

~鹹蛋黃 = salted egg yolk

~皮蛋（糖心/ 硬心） = preserved duck eggs (soft and hard yolk)

~咸鸭蛋 = salted duck eggs

~牛肉粒 = dried beef cubes

~牛肉片 = dried beef sliced

~猪肉松 = dried pork floss

~腊鸭 = preserved duck

~鸭肫干= preserved duck gizzard

~烤鸭 = roasted duck

~方便面 = instant noodles

~面条 = noodles

~米粉 = rice-noodle

~粉丝 = silk noodles

~餛鈍皮 = wonton wrapper/wonton skins

~水餃皮 = dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper

~春捲皮 = spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper